{"id":923209,"date":"2024-07-01T07:00:51","date_gmt":"2024-07-01T07:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/?p=923209"},"modified":"2024-06-25T07:03:20","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T07:03:20","slug":"understanding-indexes-in-databases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/understanding-indexes-in-databases\/","title":{"rendered":"Veritabanlar\u0131ndaki Dizinleri Anlamak"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler, veri alma i\u015flemlerinin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ili\u015fkisel veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131n temel bile\u015fenleridir. Bir tablodaki sat\u0131rlara h\u0131zl\u0131 eri\u015fim sa\u011flayarak veritaban\u0131 sorgular\u0131n\u0131n verimlili\u011fini art\u0131ran veri yap\u0131lar\u0131 olarak hizmet ederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizinler Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizin, bir kitaptaki dizine benzer \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Gerekli verileri bulmak i\u00e7in tablonun tamam\u0131n\u0131 taramak yerine veritaban\u0131, istenen sat\u0131rlar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bulmak i\u00e7in dizini kullan\u0131r. Dizinler genellikle WHERE yan t\u00fcmcelerinde, JOIN ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ve ORDER BY yan t\u00fcmcelerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan s\u00fctunlarda olu\u015fturulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Endeks Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler genellikle B a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 veya karma tablolar\u0131 olarak uygulan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B-a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong>: S\u0131ral\u0131 d\u00fczeni koruyan ve arama, ekleme ve silme i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in logaritmik zaman karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na izin veren dengeli a\u011fa\u00e7 yap\u0131lar\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hash tablolar\u0131<\/strong>: Arama i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in sabit zaman karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar ancak aral\u0131k sorgular\u0131 i\u00e7in B a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131ndan daha az esnektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Endeks T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her biri farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7lara hizmet eden \u00e7e\u015fitli indeks t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Birincil Dizin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Birincil Dizin<\/strong>: Birincil anahtar tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik olarak olu\u015fturulur. Bir tablodaki her sat\u0131r\u0131 benzersiz \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130kincil Dizin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0130kincil Dizin<\/strong>: Birincil olmayan anahtar s\u00fctunlar \u00fczerinde, bu s\u00fctunlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren sorgular\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Benzersiz Dizin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Benzersiz Dizin<\/strong>: Dizine al\u0131nan s\u00fctunun\/s\u00fctunlar\u0131n benzersiz de\u011ferler i\u00e7ermesini sa\u011flayarak m\u00fckerrer giri\u015fleri \u00f6nler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bile\u015fik Dizin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bile\u015fik Dizin<\/strong>: Birden \u00e7ok s\u00fctuna dayal\u0131 bir dizin; birden \u00e7ok s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re filtreleyen veya s\u0131ralayan sorgular i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tam Metin Dizini<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tam Metin Dizini<\/strong>: B\u00fcy\u00fck metin alanlar\u0131nda etkili metin aramas\u0131 i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bitmap Dizini<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bitmap Dizini<\/strong>: Genellikle veri ambar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da farkl\u0131 de\u011fere sahip s\u00fctunlar i\u00e7in etkilidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizinlerin SELECT Sorgular\u0131 \u00dczerindeki Etkisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler, taranan veri miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak SELECT sorgular\u0131n\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Daha H\u0131zl\u0131 Veri Alma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler, tam tablo taramas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak veritaban\u0131n\u0131n sorgu kriterleriyle e\u015fle\u015fen sat\u0131rlar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bulmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck masalar i\u00e7in faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir tablo d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn <code data-no-translation=\"\">employees<\/code> s\u00fctunlu <code data-no-translation=\"\">id<\/code>, <code data-no-translation=\"\">name<\/code>, Ve <code data-no-translation=\"\">department<\/code>. Belirli bir departmandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in bir sorgu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\"><pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-sql\" data-lang=\"SQL\"><code data-no-translation=\"\">SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department = &#39;Sales&#39;;\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dczerinde indeks olmadan <code data-no-translation=\"\">department<\/code> s\u00fctununda veritaban\u0131 tablonun tamam\u0131n\u0131 tarar. Bir indeks ile ilgili sat\u0131rlar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f G\/\u00c7 \u0130\u015flemleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler, diskten veri almak i\u00e7in gereken G\/\u00c7 i\u015flemlerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak sorgunun daha h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130ndekslerin INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE \u0130\u015flemlerine Etkisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler SELECT sorgu performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rken veri de\u011fi\u015ftirme i\u015flemlerinin performans\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumsuz etki yaratabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Daha Yava\u015f INSERT \u0130\u015flemleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yeni sat\u0131rlar eklenirken veritaban\u0131n\u0131n dizini yeni giri\u015fleri i\u00e7erecek \u015fekilde g\u00fcncellemesi gerekir. Bu ek ad\u0131m, ekleme i\u015flemini yava\u015flatabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6rnek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n sisteme dahil edilmesi <code data-no-translation=\"\">employees<\/code> masa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hcb_wrap\"><pre class=\"prism line-numbers lang-sql\" data-lang=\"SQL\"><code data-no-translation=\"\">INSERT INTO employees (id, name, department) VALUES (101, &#39;John Doe&#39;, &#39;Sales&#39;);\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">E\u011fer bir indeks varsa <code data-no-translation=\"\">department<\/code> s\u00fctununda, veritaban\u0131, ekleme i\u015flemine ek y\u00fck ekleyerek dizini g\u00fcncellemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Daha Yava\u015f G\u00dcNCELLEME \u0130\u015flemleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f s\u00fctunlar\u0131n g\u00fcncellenmesi, veritaban\u0131n\u0131n ilgili dizin giri\u015flerini g\u00fcncellemesini gerektirir. Bu, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok say\u0131da dizine sahip b\u00fcy\u00fck tablolar i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelleme s\u00fcrecini yava\u015flatabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Daha Yava\u015f S\u0130LME \u0130\u015flemleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fcncellemelere benzer \u015fekilde, sat\u0131rlar\u0131n silinmesi, veritaban\u0131n\u0131n ilgili giri\u015fleri dizinden kald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir ve bu da silme i\u015flemine ek y\u00fck getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Endeksleri Kullanman\u0131n Avantajlar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Uzay Tepeg\u00f6z<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler ek depolama alan\u0131 gerektirir. Bir tablonun indeksleri ne kadar fazlaysa, bunlar\u0131 depolamak i\u00e7in o kadar fazla disk alan\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bak\u0131m Giderleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veri de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) s\u0131ras\u0131nda dizinlerin bak\u0131m\u0131, ek y\u00fcke neden olur ve bu i\u015flemlerin potansiyel olarak yava\u015flamas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizin Par\u00e7alanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zamanla dizinler par\u00e7alanabilir ve bu da performans\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olabilir. Optimum performans\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in dizinlerin yeniden olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 veya yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesi gibi d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizinleri Kullanmaya \u0130li\u015fkin En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Se\u00e7meli \u0130ndeksleme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaln\u0131zca sorgularda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan s\u00fctunlarda dizinler olu\u015fturun. Se\u00e7icili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan s\u00fctunlar\u0131 (\u00e7ok say\u0131da yinelenen de\u011fere sahip s\u00fctunlar) dizine eklemekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130zleme ve Bak\u0131m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En iyi performans\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in dizinlerin performans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak izleyin ve par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f dizinleri yeniden olu\u015fturmak gibi bak\u0131m g\u00f6revlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bile\u015fik Dizinler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Birden \u00e7ok s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re filtre uygulayan veya s\u0131ralayan sorgular i\u00e7in bile\u015fik dizinler kullanmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Ancak endeksin verimlili\u011fini etkileyece\u011fi i\u00e7in bile\u015fik dizindeki s\u00fctunlar\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131na dikkat edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0130ndekslemeden Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler sorgu performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rken, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dizin olu\u015fturma \u00f6nemli bak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcne yol a\u00e7abilir. Sorgu performans\u0131 ile bak\u0131m maliyetleri aras\u0131nda bir denge kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dizinler, \u00f6zellikle SELECT sorgular\u0131 i\u00e7in veritaban\u0131 performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmeye y\u00f6nelik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7lard\u0131r. Verilere h\u0131zl\u0131 eri\u015fim sa\u011flarlar ve tam tablo taramas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131rlar. Ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda veri de\u011fi\u015ftirme i\u015flemlerine ek y\u00fck getirirler ve performans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in dikkatli bir y\u00f6netim gerektirirler. Geli\u015ftiriciler, aradaki dengeleri anlayarak ve en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 takip ederek, veritaban\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in dizinlerden etkili bir \u015fekilde yararlanabilirler.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Indexes are fundamental components of relational databases designed to enhance the speed of data retrieval operations. They serve as data structures that improve the efficiency of database queries by providing quick access to rows in a table. How Indexes Work An index works similarly to an index in a book. Instead of scanning the entire [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":923210,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-923209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=923209"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923209\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/923210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=923209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=923209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=923209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}