{"id":579493,"date":"2023-12-28T03:08:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:08:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/glossary\/authorization\/"},"modified":"2023-12-28T03:08:59","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:08:59","slug":"authorization","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/glossary\/authorization\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n<p>\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c minh xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng hay kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp danh t\u00ednh, \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n sau khi danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<h2>Ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n<p>\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc do t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t ra, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 (RBAC):<\/strong> G\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u:<\/strong> Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp t\u00f9y \u00fd (DAC)<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (MAC)<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1edfi c\u01a1 quan trung \u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 (RBAC)<\/td>\n<td>Truy c\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (ABAC)<\/td>\n<td>Truy c\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u1eddi gian trong ng\u00e0y, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trong \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li>Vi ph\u1ea1m tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\n<th>\u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n<\/th>\n<th>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/th>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/td>\n<td>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp.<\/td>\n<td>X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn danh t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/td>\n<td>Ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1eadp trung<\/td>\n<td>Quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n.<\/td>\n<td>X\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/td>\n<td>Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2.<\/td>\n<td>M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc.<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1eadt k\u00fd.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>AI v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp phi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Zero Trust:<\/strong> Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp trung gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a OWASP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">\u1ea4n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a NIST v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">IEEE Xplore: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"featured_media":579494,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-579493","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579493\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/579494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=579493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}