{"id":579538,"date":"2023-12-28T03:09:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:09:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/glossary\/private-key\/"},"modified":"2023-12-28T03:09:19","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:09:19","slug":"private-key","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/glossary\/private-key\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a internet. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, bao g\u1ed3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do ProxyElite (proxyelite.info) cung c\u1ea5p. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 Private Key<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang l\u00e0 kh\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 k\u00fd c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a: Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang v\u00e0 Kh\u00f3a chung. C\u00e1c kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qua internet.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Private Key<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/strong>: \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u00f3. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/strong>: Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00ean tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/strong>: Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi trong giao ti\u1ebfp k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong>: Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a RSA<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n RSA, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a DSA<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a ECC<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong M\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong Elliptic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a PGP<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e3 h\u00f3a Quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 Kh\u00e1 T\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u00ecm \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<\/strong>: Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 tin nh\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua internet.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1<\/strong>: Ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 email.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Giao d\u1ecbch an to\u00e0n<\/strong>: Trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/strong>: Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a (KMS) v\u00e0 M\u00f4-\u0111un b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (HSM).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t<\/strong>: M\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. Sao l\u01b0u v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ee9a Kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00e1c trang web.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong m\u1eadt m\u00e3 v\u00e0 an ninh m\u1ea1ng. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0. M\u1eadt m\u00e3 h\u1eadu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy do ProxyElite cung c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt internet, cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikipedia \u2013 Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\">NIST - Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a m\u1eadt m\u00e3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u1ee7a PrivateElite \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":579539,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-579538","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579538\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/579539"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=579538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}