{"id":579774,"date":"2023-12-28T03:11:27","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:11:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/glossary\/high-availability\/"},"modified":"2023-12-28T03:11:27","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T03:11:27","slug":"high-availability","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/glossary\/high-availability\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao (HA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n sao l\u01b0u trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a HA kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>D\u01b0<\/strong>: Sao ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/strong>: T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dung sai l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng-Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ea3 hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, chia s\u1ebb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<td>S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng-th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng-ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai HA \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ng\u1ee5 \u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p HA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/th>\n<th>S\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>&gt;99.99%<\/td>\n<td>&lt;99.99%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u01b0<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>Cao h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a HA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p HA hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u can thi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HA. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00fat c\u1ed5 chai. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng HA c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" href=\"https:\/\/www.example-link-to-HA.com\" rel=\"noopener\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" href=\"https:\/\/www.example-link-to-proxy-HA.com\" rel=\"noopener\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a target=\"_new\" href=\"https:\/\/www.example-link-to-future-HA.com\" rel=\"noopener\">Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c HA, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":579775,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-579774","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579774","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/579774\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/579775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/proxyelite.info\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=579774"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}